Different Types of Suspension Systems
A suspension system is designed to absorb the shocks, vibrations and any impact for making your ride smooth on rough surfaces. Suspensions are an important part of the vehicle with their numerous benefits that allow the smooth movement along the road. To understand the whole structure there are two basic spring and dampening mechanism. Springs absorbs the whole pressure as the vehicle moves along the road with three main types as Coil springs, leaf springs and torsion springs. As the springs absorb energy Dampening mechanism dissipates this energy otherwise the vehicle would move up and down with every bump along with the road. Here are a few of the main types of suspension system available in the market used all over the world in building modern day vehicles.
Dependant Suspension System
In this type of suspension system, the movement of the tire is dependent on each other with beam axle designs. There are basically two axles with one called as live axle has powered wheels and dead axle with free spinning wheels. Movement of the vehicle forces these tires to move in the same angle to each other, not to the surface of the road causing issues in handling.
Independent Suspension System
It is the modern way of using a suspension system in which each wheel has the capability to move on its independently. Today’s car manufacturers prefer this design as the wheel moves up and down with the help of shock absorbers and springs being bolted to a metal frame that connects the suspension to the chassis. This whole structure allows better control of the wheels with their alignment ensuring the smooth operation of the ride.
Double Wishbone is also quite popular with its A Shape design with two wishbones like structure. Connected with the wheel this system comes with two mounting positions. One at the wheel and second at the vehicle’s frame with a specialized coil sprung and shock absorber. This structure is most commonly used in large cars as they aid in minimizing sway in achieving greater consistency while steering. There are multiple types of wishbone mechanism used in cars with Sedan, A4 and A8 Audi etc for a smooth ride with this complex design.
McPherson Suspension struts are a single cohesive unit used by European brands with shock absorber built inside coil spring to act as one complete strut assembly. Trailing Arm suspension is similar to wishbone with separate suspension arms that connect to the chassis of the vehicle with a traditional style system. In Twin I-Beam suspension have combinations of solid beam axle split in two with trailing arm which eliminates issues of the dependent system as a whole. There are also many dependent (solid axle style rear suspension systems) which would require different hardware like trialing arms, 4-link bars, heim joints, notch kits and more.
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